What is one advantage of using activated carbon in water treatment?

Using activated carbon in water treatment is particularly advantageous for its ability to effectively remove chlorine and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water. Chlorine is commonly used as a disinfectant in water treatment processes, but its residuals can lead to undesirable tastes and odors in drinking water. Activated carbon works through a process called adsorption, where chlorine and VOCs adhere to the surface of the carbon particles, thereby purifying the water.

The removal of VOCs is crucial as these compounds can be harmful to human health and the environment. These organic chemicals typically originate from industrial processes, agricultural runoff, and other sources, making their removal essential for providing safe drinking water. The porous structure of activated carbon maximizes the surface area available for adsorption, thus enhancing its effectiveness in purifying water by capturing a wide range of contaminants.

In contrast, other options do not accurately represent the primary benefits of activated carbon. For example, increasing water pressure is not a function of activated carbon; rather, it typically involves pumps and pressure tanks. Similarly, while activated carbon can influence pH levels indirectly through the removal of certain contaminants, this is not its main function, nor is it a reliable method for pH balance adjustment. Reducing harmful microorganisms is generally not achieved through activated carbon