What is the function of the white pill found in a sample bag?

The white pill found in a sample bag serves the function of killing chlorine. When water samples are collected for testing, the presence of chlorine can skew the results, especially for certain chemical analyses that are sensitive to disinfectants. Chlorine is often added to municipal water supplies as a disinfectant to eliminate harmful microorganisms, but it can interfere with tests for other chemicals or constituents in the water.

By using a pill specifically designed to neutralize chlorine, water operators can ensure that the sample accurately reflects the water's true characteristics without the influence of chlorine. This allows for more precise and reliable testing outcomes, which is crucial for maintaining water quality and safety standards. Other options mentioned, such as enhancing flavor, neutralizing acidity, or reducing hardness, do not relate to the direct purpose of the white pill in providing an accurate assessment of water conditions, making them less relevant in this context.